Publication in the Diário da República: Aviso nº 11575/2023 - 16/06/2023
5 ECTS; 1º Ano, Anual, 42,0 TP , Cód. 66336.
Lecturer
- Raul Manuel Domingos Monteiro (1)
(1) Docente Responsável
(2) Docente que lecciona
Prerequisites
Not applicable.
Objectives
To equip the student with techniques for analyzing direct current and alternating current circuits. Introduction to electromagnetic phenomena and a simplified study of the single-phase electrical transformer.
Program
1. FUNDAMENTAL QUANTITIES AND COMPONENTS OF ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS 1.1. Electrical Quantities 1.1.1. Electric Charge 1.1.2. Force exerted between two or more electric charges 1.1.3. Electric field, electric voltage 1.1.4. Coulomb's Law 1.1.5. Electric Current 1.2. Conductors, semiconductors and dielectrics 1.3. Fundamental components of electrical circuits 1.3.1. Resistance and conductance 1.3.2. Ohm's Law; voltage-current characteristic of a resistor 1.3.3. Short circuit and open circuit
1.3.4. Independent voltage and current generators 1.3.5. Application of Ohm's Law in a circuit with a generator and a resistor 1.3.6. Voltage-current characteristic of independent generators 1.4. Electrical Power 1.4.1. Power consumed or dissipated; Joule's Law 1.4.2. Power supplied 1.4.3. Electrical energy 1.5. Other components of electrical circuits 1.5.1. Active and passive elements 1.5.2. Linear and non-linear components 1.5.3. Measuring instruments 2. KIRCHHOFF'S LAWS 2.1. Concepts of loop, node, branch and network 2.2. Kirchhoff's voltage and current laws 2.2.1. Application of Kirchhoff's laws to circuits with one and two loops 2.3. Association of resistors 2.3.1. Concept of series and parallel connection 2.3.2. Association of resistors in series and in parallel 2.3.3. Voltage and current dividers 2.3.4. Star-delta and delta-star transformations 2.4. Association of ideal independent generators 2.5. Voltage generators with internal resistance 2.5.1. Association of real voltage generators 2.6. Thévenin's Theorem; application examples 2.7. Superposition Theorem; application examples. 3. ANALYSIS OF TRANSIENT REGIME IN 1ST ORDER CIRCUITS 3.1. Circuits with resistors and capacitors; application examples of capacitor discharge 4. SINGLE-PHASE SINUSOIDAL ALTERNATING CURRENT 4.1. Need for alternating current 4.2. Characteristic quantities 4.3. Mathematical representation 4.4. Phase angle between sinusoidal quantities of the same frequency; particular values 4.5. Vector representation 4.6. Complex Numbers as a Tool for Analyzing Sinusoidal Alternating Current Circuits 5. CHARACTERIZATION OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS IN SINUSOIDAL ALTERNATING REGIME 5.1. Resistance 5.1.1. Voltage-Current Characteristic 5.1.2. Dissipated Energy; Power 5.2. Capacitor 5.2.1. Capacitance 5.2.2. Voltage-Current Characteristic 5.2.3. Capacitive Reactance 5.2.4. Stored Electrical Energy 5.2.5. Capacitor Association 5.3. Inductor 5.3.1. Inductance (self-inductance coefficient) 5.3.2. Voltage-Current Characteristic 5.3.3. Inductive Reactance 5.3.4. Stored Magnetic Energy 5.3.5. Association of inductances 6. SINUSOIDAL ALTERNATING CURRENT CIRCUITS 6.1. Impedance 6.2. Admittance 6.3. RL, RC, LC and RLC circuits in series and in parallel 6.4. Active power 6.5. Reactive power 6.6. Apparent power 6.7. Power triangle 6.8. Power factor 7. THREE-PHASE SINUSOIDAL ALTERNATING CURRENT 7.1. Three-phase voltage system; simple voltages and compound voltages 7.2. Mathematical representation 7.3. Vector representation 7.4. Star connection of the load 7.4.1. Balanced star 7.4.2. Unbalanced star 7.5. Delta connection of the load 7.5.1. Balanced delta 7.5.2. Unbalanced delta 7.6. Power in three-phase systems 7.7. Boucherot's method (power summation method) for calculating the power and current of a three-phase electrical system 7.8. Power factor in three-phase systems 7.9. Power factor compensation in three-phase systems using capacitor banks. 8. INTRODUCTION TO ELECTROMAGNETISM 8.1. Electric current and magnetic field 8.2. Magnetic circuit; self-induction and mutual induction 8.3. Operating principle of the power transformer .
Evaluation Methodology
Tests conducted during the semester (continuous assessment), or final exam. The final grade (CF) is the average of the test grades or the exam grade. Minimum passing grade (CF): CF >= 9.5 out of 20.
Bibliography
- Medeiros, S. (2001). Introdução aos circuitos eléctricos e electrónicos. (Vol. 1). Lisboa: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian
- Meireles, V. (2009). Circuitos Eléctricos . (Vol. 1). Lidel: Lidel
Teaching Method
Theoretical and practical classes for oral presentation of the subject matter and for problem-solving.
Software used in class
Not applicable.
