Publication in the Diário da República: Despacho nº 3393/2016 - 04/03/2016
6 ECTS; 1º Ano, 1º Semestre, 75,0 TP , Cód. 915234.
Lecturer
- José Manuel Lopes Farinha (1)(2)
(1) Lead Professor
(2) Teaching Professor
Prerequisites
Not applicable.
Objectives
1. Understand the importance of accounting within management information systems, as an instrument for producing useful information for economic and financial decision-making;
2. Know the conceptual framework of the Portuguese Accounting Standardisation System (SNC) and the applicable recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure criteria;
3. Know and apply the SNC, particularly in introductory accounting topics and in current operating cycle transactions;
4. Understand and apply the mechanics of the accounting recording process using the double-entry bookkeeping method;
5. Know the accounting recording process, from the journal and the ledger to the preparation of trial balances, the income statement and the balance sheet;
6. Carry out the accounting treatment and recording of the main business transactions within the operating cycle, namely in the classes of Cash and Cash Equivalents, Inventories and Biological Assets, and Accounts Receivable and Payable;
7. Use digital tools, including artificial intelligence tools where appropriate, as auxiliary support for research, information organisation, review of procedures and preliminary validation of answers, without replacing the students own accounting reasoning;
8. Critically assess the information obtained through digital or artificial intelligence tools, identifying possible errors, limitations or inadequacies in relation to the SNC, applicable legislation, recommended bibliography and the lecturers guidance.
Program
1. Introduction;
2. Fundamental Concepts of Accounting:
Heritage and Its Constitutive Elements;
Inventory and balance;
Account: Concept, Classification and Its Characterization;
Accounting recording methods;
Launches and Their Species;
The Diary and the Reason;
Articulation Between Diary and Reason; Balance sheets;
The Cycles of Transactions;
The Financial Statements (FS)
3. Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements:
The Conceptual Framework;
Objectives of FS;
Underlying Assumptions for the Development of FS;
Qualitative Characteristics of FS;
Constraints on Relevant and Reliable Information;
The Definition, Recognition and Measurement of the Elements of FS;
The Concepts of Capital and Capital Maintenance;
Structure and Content of Financial Statements (NCRF 1);
Presentation and Classification of Elements (items) in the Financial Statements;
The Financial Statements: Its Elements;
The annex
4. The Accrual Regime - Concept of Accounting Period and the Importance of Accruals and Deferrals:
Accruals and Deferrals Active
Accruals and Deferrals Passive
5. Theoretical Approach to Value Added Tax (VAT) and Income Tax: VAT on Purchase and Sale Transactions
6. Accounting for Business Operations:
6.1. The Operating Cycle:
Net Financial Means - Standards: NCRF 2, 23 and 27;
Accounts receivable and accounts payable - Standards: NCRF 5;
Inventories and Biological Assets - Standards: NCRF 18
Evaluation Methodology
Two modes of assessment:
1. Continuous assessment:
- Two mini-tests (20%+20%=40%).
- Individual final test (60%)
- Minimum grade: 7 points in the final test.
- Students with a final grade of 9.5 or higher (weighted average) will be approved.
- Grade defense: for final grade higher than 18 points. Non-presence implies assigning 18 rating
- The remaining students will be admitted to the Exam.
2. Non-Continuous Assessment - Examination and Appeal Exams:
- Written test (100%)
- Grade defense: for final grade higher than 18 points. Non-presence implies assigning 18 rating.
Bibliography
- , P. (2025). SNC - Sistema de Normalização Contabilística. Porto: Porto Editora
- Costa, C. e Alves, G. (2021). Contabilidade Financeira. Lisboa: Rei dos Livros
- Lopes, A. e Morais, A. e Lourenço, I. (2020). Fundamentos de Contabilidade Financeira. Lisboa: Edições Sílabo
- Rodrigues, J. e Rodrigues, A. e Borges, A. e Rodrigues, R. (2021). Elementos de Contabilidade Geral. Lisboa: Áreas Editora
Teaching Method
Expository method, deductive and inductive methods, guided problem-solving, analysis of practical cases and pedagogical simulation, with occasional use of digital tools to support accounting work.
Software used in class
Spreadsheet software, the institutional teaching support platform, and digital resources provided by the lecturer. When pedagogically appropriate, artificial intelligence tools may be used as auxiliary support for research, information organisation and the preliminary review of procedures, always subject to critical validation and academic supervision.
