Publication in the Diário da República: Despacho n.º 10852/2016 - 05/09/2016
5 ECTS; 2º Ano, 2º Semestre, 15,0 T + 60,0 PL + 3,0 OT , Cód. 938023.
Lecturer
- Fernando dos Santos Antunes (1)(2)
(1) Docente Responsável
(2) Docente que lecciona
Prerequisites
Not applicable.
Objectives
-Know the main aesthetic-artistic styles and trends of portuguese and international furniture.
-Identify the materials, techniques and technologies of the production of the objects.
-Understand and relate the cultural characteristics of the object: artistic and aesthetic; iconographic and iconological; functional and sociological.
-To evaluate the state of conservation of the object, considering the factors of deterioration; the previous interventions, considering its environmental and historical context.
-Identify and understand the alterability and alteration of the object, respectively, the natural aging of the materials, and the alteration damages and pathologies (diagnose).
-Formulate, justify and apply intervention methodologies considering the ethical principles of conservation and restoration.
-Know and understand the main procedures - materials and techniques for the preservation, conservation and restoration of furniture.
Program
A. TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS
1. Types of Wood
1.1. Identification and dating processes
2. Resins, Adhesives and Gums
2.1. As gluing products
2.2. As a finishing/polishing products
3. Furniture Production
3.1. Accessories used in the production and decoration
3.1.1. Accessories in metal and other miscellaneous materials: types and functions
3.2. Furniture structure
3.2.1. Assembly, dovetails and joins: types and forms
3.3. Furniture decoration
3.3.1. Materials: wood, metal, osteological, malacological, animal skins, resins, adhesives and gums, waxes and oils
3.3.2. Types and techniques of decorative works and coatings
3.3.2.1. Carvings, turned, profiles
3.3.2.2. Inlays
3.3.2.3. Plated, veneers, marquetry
3.3.2.4. Gilding and silvering: with leaf | with metal tempera
3.3.2.5. Lacquered and encrusted
3.3.2.6. Synthetic plated and laminates
3.3.3. Wood colouring
3.3.3.1. Paints: tempera | oil | encaustic
3.3.3.2. Transparencies: dyes
3.3.3.3. Wood stains: mordents
3.3.4. Woods finishes
3.3.4.1. Polishing: oil | wax | varnish | mixed
3.3.5. Seat upholstery, beds and other
3.3.5.1. Sole and leather embossed
3.3.5.2. Plaits with vegetable and synthetic fibbers, and animal tissues
3.3.5.3. Upholstery: natural and synthetic fabrics | natural and synthetic leathers
B. DEONTOLOGY AND ETHICS OF INTERVENTION IN FURNITURE
1. Type of Intervention to Elect
1.1. The preservation
1.2. The conservation
1.3. The restoration
2. Criteria and Aspects to Consider
2.1. Classification of Cultural Asset
2.2. Intrinsic and extrinsic values that the cultural object understands itself and its history
2.3. Type of function or using
2.4. Express wish of the owner
2.5. Ethical and deontological principles
2.6. Scientific and technical advice
2.7. Technical and technological available means
2.8. Conservation condition: alterability and Alteration (Damages and Pathologies)
3. Methodology to Establish by the Conservator-Restorer
C. PREPARATORY PHASE OF TREATMENT
1. Registration and Documentation of Cultural Asset
1.1. Execution of photographic records and graphic schemes
1.1.1. General and detail photographic survey
1.1.2. Cartography or mapping of the conservation condition - damage and pathologies
1.2. Filling of Technical Worksheet
1.3. Filling of Record Worksheet
2. Survey of the Environmental Conditions of the Location Provenance of the Object
2.1. Temperature, humidity, lighting and pollutants
3. Conservation Condition Survey
3.1. Identification with the use of point and area exams and analysis
3.1.1. Naked eye, macroscopically and microscopically examination
3.1.1.1. Identification of materials and production techniques
3.1.1.2. Identification of previous interventions
3.1.1.3. Processes of alterability and alteration: damage and pathologies
3.2. Analysing, interpretation and discussion of Results
4. Diagnosis and Formulation of Treatment Proposal
D. CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION INTERVENTION
1. Conservation of Structure
1.1. Disinfection disinfestation: products and techniques
1.2. Consolidation products, materials and techniques
1.3. Pre-fixing and fixing of surface decorative revetments
1.4. Review of the structure
1.4.1. Disassembling
1.4.1.1. Removal of binding metallic elements: nails, screws, ironmongery
1.4.1.2. Cleaning dust and dirt, and removal of glues, adhesives and gums
1.4.1.3. Cleaning of corrosion products of metallic elements
1.4.1.4. Stabilization of metallic elements: application of protective layer
1.4.2. Assembling of elements
1.4.2.1. Collages and collages grips: techniques and materials
2. Restoration of the Structure
2.1. Reconstitution of missing elements: structural and decorative
2.1.1. Techniques and materials
2.2. Filling gaps in the structure
2.2.1. Techniques and materials
2.2.2. Levelling fills
2.3. Conceiving supporting structures
2.3.1. Techniques and materials
3. Conservation Surface
3.1. Fixing chromatic and pictorial layers
3.2. Attachment/gluing of decorative or revetments elements
3.3. Cleaning
3.3.1. Cleaning systems: physical; chemical; by the wet, dry or mechanical process
3.3.2. Solubilisation tests of dirtiness, chromatic and pictorial strata
3.3.3. Cleaning means: chemical reagents, organic solvents, enzymes, detergents, gels, abrasives
3.3.4. Cleaning levels: extension and precautions
3.3.5. Removal of repainting and repolishing: paints, varnishes, waxes and oils
4. Restoration Surface
4.1. Fill gaps
4.1.1. Materials and techniques
4.1.2. Fillings levelling
4.2. Repolishing surfaces
4.3. Chromatic and Pictorial Reintegration
4.4. Application of protective layers
Evaluation Methodology
Acts of Integrated Evaluation and Their Weighting in Continuous and Final Evaluation:
Theoretical(50%)
-Technical Report Form + Work Sheet(25%)
-Written Work(25%)
Laboratory Practice (50%)
-Performance(35%)
-Attendance(15%)
Additional information:
-The students are obliged to comply with all assessment items, being able to choose to be globally assessed in continuous assessment, or in final assessment;
-The students, to be admitted to the final evaluation, must have a positive evaluation of the laboratory practical component, with a minimum of 9.5 values, in continuous evaluation;
-the students will be able to submit the written works of the theoretical component in final evaluation - exam period;
-Eventual improvements will be made only to the theoretical component - written works - being considered in the final global weighting the evaluation obtained in the laboratory practical component.
Bibliography
- COLARES, J. Manual do Marceneiro. Biblioteca de Instrução Profissional. Brasil / Lisboa: Livraria Bertrand e Imprensa Portugal
- MCGIFFIN, R. (1983). Furniture Care and Conservation. Nashville, TN: AASLH
- ORDOÑEZ, L. e ORDOÑEZ, C. e ROTAECHE, M. (1996). Il Mobile: Conservazione e Restauro. Fiesole: Nardini Editore
- UMNEY, N. e RIVERS, S. (2012). Conservation of Furniture. Butterworth-Heinemann Series in Conservation and Museology. London: Routledge
- WERNER, A. e BROMMELLE, N. (1965). Deterioration and Treatment of Wood. Joint Meeting of the ICOM Committee for Scientific Museum Laboratories and the ICOM Sub-Committee for the Care of Paintings. Washington and New York: ICOM
Teaching Method
Theoretical, expository classes.
Laboratory practical classes, where interventions in furniture are developed, under the guidance of the professor.
Tutorial guidance, pedagogical, technical and scientific support to the student
Software used in class
Not applicable.
