Publication in the Diário da República: Despacho nº 10764/2011 - 30/08/2011
5 ECTS; 3º Ano, 1º Semestre, 30,0 T + 30,0 TP , Cód. 918425.
Lecturer
- Paula Alexandra Geraldes Portugal (2)
(1) Docente Responsável
(2) Docente que lecciona
Prerequisites
Prior knowledge of fluids mechanics, thermodynamics, transport phenomena and mass-energy balances.
Objectives
Students must be able to interpret and use thermodynamic and operation data to perform mass and enthalpic balances, and use analytical methods, numerical methods and graphical methods, in equipment design to perform simple distillation, flash distillation and fractional distillation.
Program
1 - Thermodynamic concepts and distillation operation principles
- Vapor-liquid equilibrium curves ( VLE )
- Relative volatility
- Empirical models for non-ideal solutions
2 Distillation processes
2.1 Simple distillation
- Operation dynamics and quality versus quantity
- Design calculations using Rayleighs equation
2.2 Flash Distillation
- Operating line concept and design calculations
- Constant relative volatility (analytical method)
- Relation between vaporization fraction and operating line
- Distillers in cascade
2.3 Fractional distillation continuous operation
- Equipment: internals, top condensers and revaporizators
- Two component separation columns design
- Vapor-liquid contact - mass transfer equilibrium stage concept
- Equilibrium stage model. Simplifications
- Analytical method (Lewis Sorel)
- Graphical method (McCabe - Thiele)
- Reflux ratio and number of stages - Nmin and Rmin
- Rectification columns design, exhaustion columns design, columns
with side streams design and multiple feed columns design
Evaluation Methodology
Assessment includes written tests and theoretical-practical exercises.
Bibliography
- Perry, J. (2007). Chemical Engineer's Handbook. USA: McGraw-Hill Book Company
- Richardson, R. e Coulson, J. (1968). Tecnologia Química. Lisboa: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian
- Rose, L. (1987). Distillation Design in practice. London: Elsevier
- Seader, J. e Henley, E. (2006). Separation Process Principles. USA: John Wiley and Sons
Teaching Method
Theoretical sessions involving discussion on chemical-physical principles and the design methods and theoretical-practical sessions involving exercise solving with the lecturer's support.
Software used in class
